時間：2015-01-22 15:18來源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯公司 作者：民航翻譯 點擊：次
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To view this page ensure that Adobe Flash Player version 9.0.124 or greater is installed. Note 1: Early diagnosis and active management of HIV disease with antiretroviral therapy reduces morbidity and improves prognosis and thus increases the likelihood of a fit assessment.. Note 2: Guidance on the assessment of applicants who are seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is contained in the Manual of Civil Aviation Medicine (Doc 8984). (31) Applicants who are pregnant shall be assessed as unfit unless obstetrical evaluation and continued medical supervision indicate a low-risk, uncomplicated pregnancy. (32) During the gestational period, precautions should be taken for the timely relief of an air traffic controller in the event of early onset of labour or other complications (33) For applicants with a low-risk uncomplicated pregnancy, evaluated and supervised in accordance (31) the fit assessment should be limited to the period until the end of the 34th week of gestation. (34) Following confinement or termination of pregnancy, the applicant shall not be permitted to exercise the privileges of her licence until she has undergone re-evaluation in accordance with best medical practice and has been assessed as fit to safely exercise the privileges of her licence and ratings. (35) The applicant shall not possess any abnormality of the bones, joints, muscles, tendons or related structures which is likely to interfere with the safe exercise of the applicant’s licence and rating privileges. Note: Any sequelae after lesions affecting the bones, joints, muscles or tendons, and certain anatomical defects will normally require functional assessment to determine fitness. (36) The applicant shall not possess any abnormality or disease of the ear or related structures which is likely to interfere with the safe exercise of the applicant’s licence and rating privileges. (37) There shall no malformation or any disease of the nose, buccal cavity or upper respiratory tract which is likely to interfere with the safe exercise of the applicant’s licence and rating privileges. (38) Applicants with stuttering or other speech defects sufficiently severe to cause impairment of speech communication shall be assessed as unfit. ICAO Annex 1: 6.5.2.1; 6.5.2.2; 6.5.2.3; 6.5.2.4; 6.5.2.5; 6.5.2.5.1; 6.5.2.5.2; 6.5.2.6; 6.5.2.6.1; 6.5.2.7; 6.5.2.7.1; 6.5.2.8; 6.5.2.9; 6.5.2.10; 6.5.2.11; 6.5.2.11.1; 6.5.2.12; 6.5.2.12.1; 6.5.2.13; 6.5.2.14; 6.5.2.14.1R; 6.5.2.15; 6.5.1.16; 6.5.2.16.1; 6.5.2.17; 6.5.2.18; 6.5.2.18.1; 6.5.2.19; 6.5.2.19.1; 6.5.2.20; 6.5.2.20.1; 6.5.2.21; 6.5.2.22; 6.5.2.23; 6.5.2.24; 6.5.2.25; 6.5.2.26; 6.5.2.27 (c) Visual requirements (1) The function of the eyes and their adnexa shall be normal. There shall be no active pathological condition, acute or chronic, or any sequelae of surgery or trauma of the eyes or their adnexa likely to reduce proper visual function to an extent that would interfere with the safe exercise of the applicant’s licence and rating privileges. (2) Distant visual acuity with or without correction shall be 6/9 or better in each eye separately, and binocular visual acuity shall be 6/6 or better. No limits apply to uncorrected visual acuity. Where this standard of visual acuity can be obtained only with correcting lenses, the applicant may be assessed as fit provided that: (i) Such correcting lenses are worn during the exercise of the privileges of the licence or rating applied for or held; and (ii) In addition, a pair of suitable correcting spectacles is kept readily available during the exercise of the privileges of the applicant’s licence. Note: An applicant accepted as meeting these provisions is deemed to continue to do so unless there is reason to suspect otherwise, in which case an ophthalmic report is required at the discretion of the Authority. Both uncorrected and correct visual acuity are normally measured and recorded at each re-examination. Conditions which indicate a need to obtain an ophthalmic report include: a substantial decrease in the uncorrected visual acuity; any decrease in best-corrected visual acuity, and the occurrence of eye disease, eye injury or eye surgery. (3) Applicants may use contact lenses to meet the requirement of (b) provided that: (i) The lenses are monofocal and non-tinted; (ii) The lenses are well tolerated; and (iii) A pair of suitable correcting spectacles is kept readily available during the exercise of the licence privileges. Note: Applicants who use contact lenses may not need to have their uncorrected visual acuity measured at each re-examination provided the history of their contact lens prescription is known. (4) Applicants with a large refractive error shall use contact lenses or high-index spectacle lenses. Note: If spectacles are used, high-index lenses are needed to minimise peripheral field distortion. (5) Applicants whose uncorrected distant visual acuity in either eye is worse than 6/60 should be required to provide a full ophthalmic report prior to initial Medical Certificate and every five years thereafter. Note 1: The purpose of the required ophthalmic examination is 1) to ascertain normal visual performance and 2) to identify any significant pathology. Note 2: Guidance on the assessment of monocular applicants is contained in the Manual of Civil Aviation Medicine (Doc 8984). (6) Applicants who have undergone surgery affecting the refractive status of the eye shall be assessed as unfit unless they are free from those sequelae which are likely to interfere with the safe exercise of their licence and rating privileges. (7) The applicant shall have the ability to read, while wearing the correcting lenses, if any, required by (b), the N5 chart or its equivalent at a distance selected by that applicant in the range of 30 to 50 cm and the ability to read the N14 chart or its equivalent at a distance of 100 cm. If this requirement is met only by the use of near correction, the applicant may be assessed as fit provided that this near correction is added to the spectacle correcting already prescribed in accordance with (b); if no such correction is prescribed, a pair of spectacles for near use shall be kept readily available during the exercise of the privileges of the licence. When near correction is required, the applicant shall demonstrate that one pair of spectacles is sufficient to meet both distant and near visual requirements. Note 1: N5 and N14 refer to the size of typeface used. For further details, see the Manual of Civil Aviation Medicine (Doc 8984). Note 2: Any applicant who needs near correction to meet this requirement will require “look-over”, bifocal or perhaps multifocal lenses in order to read the instruments and a chart or manual held in the hand, and also to make use of distant vision, through the windscreen, without removing the lenses. Single-vision near correction (full lenses of one power only, appropriate for reading) significantly reduces distant visual acuity and is therefore not acceptable. Note 3: Whenever there is a requirement to obtain or renew correcting lenses, an applicant is expected to advise the refractionist of reading distances for the visual flight deck tasks relevant to the types of aircraft in which the applicant is likely to function. (8) When near correction is required in accordance with this paragraph, a second pair of near-correction spectacles shall be kept available for immediate use. (9) The applicant shall be required to have normal fields of vision. (10) The applicant shall be required to have normal binocular function. Note: Defective stereopsis, abnormal convergence not interfering with near vision, and ocular misalignment where the fusional reserves are sufficient to prevent asthenopia and diplopia may not be disqualifying. ICAO Annex 1: 6.5.3.1; 6.5.3.2;, 6.5.3.2.1, 6.5.3.2.2, 6.5.3.2.3, 6.5.3.3; 6.5.3.4; 6.5.3.4.1; 6.5.3.5; 6.5.3.6; 6.5.3.6.1 (d) Hearing requirements (1) The applicant shall be tested by pure-tone audiometry. (i) At the initial medical examination. (ii) At least once every four years up to the age of 40 years. (iii) At least once every two years after the age of 40 years. (2) The applicant, when tested on a pure-tone audiometer, shall not have a hearing loss in either ear separately, of more than 35 dB at any of the frequencies 500, 1 000 or 2 000 Hz, or more than 50 dB at 3 000 Hz. (3) An applicant with a hearing loss greater than the above may be declared fit provided that the applicant has normal hearing performance against a background noise that will reproduces or simulates that experience in a normal air traffic control working environment. (4) Alternatively, a practical hearing test conducted in an air traffic control environment representative of the one for which the applicant’s licence and ratings are valid may be used. ICAO Annex 1: 6.2.5.3, 6.5.4.1, 6.5.4.1.1; 6.5.4.1.2 14 CFR Part 67, Subpart D MODEL CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS PART 2 — IMPLEMENTING STANDARDS [STATE] VERSIONS 2.8 NOVEMBER 2014 PART 2 — IMPLEMENTING STANDARDS IS 2.2.2 LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY (a) General (1) To meet the language proficiency requirements contained in 2.2.2, an applicant for a licence or a licence holder shall demonstrate, in a manner acceptable to the Authority, compliance with the holistic descriptors in paragraph (b) below and with the Operational Level (Level 4) of the Language Proficiency Rating Scale as mentioned in paragraph c) below. (b) Holistic descriptors: Proficient speakers shall: (1) Communicate effectively in voice-only (telephone/radiotelephone) and in face-to-face situations; (2) Communicate on common, concrete and work-related topics with accuracy and clarity; (3) Use appropriate communicative strategies to exchange messages and to recognise and resolve misunderstandings (e.g. to check, confirm, or clarify information) in a general or work-related context; |
